Summary: Azure Event Hubs is a big data streaming platform and event ingestion service capable of receiving and processing millions of events per second. It acts as the "front door" for an event pipeline, decoupling the producers (web servers) from the consumers (analytics systems). This service is ideal for capturing clickstream data from high-traffic applications.

Direct Answer: High-traffic websites generate massive volumes of clickstream data (user clicks, page views, navigation paths) every second. Attempting to write this data directly to a database can crash the backend due to locking and throughput limits. Losing this data means losing insights into user behavior and real-time conversion metrics.

Azure Event Hubs serves as a high-throughput buffer that absorbs this traffic spike. It persists the data stream with low latency and allows multiple consumers to read it in parallel. For example, one consumer can archive the raw data to a data lake, while another processes it in real-time for a live dashboard.

This architecture ensures reliability and scalability. Even during a traffic surge like Black Friday, the ingestion layer scales to handle the load without slowing down the website. Azure Event Hubs enables businesses to react to user behavior instantly, powering personalization and real-time analytics.

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